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Which of the following remains constant in uniform circular motion?
সুষম বৃত্তীয় গতিতে নিচের কোনটি ধ্রুব থাকে?
Practice MCQ for SSC, UPSC, RRB Exams
A. Velocity
A. বেগ
B. Speed
B. দ্রুতি
C. Acceleration
C. ত্বরণ
D. Momentum
D. ভরবেগ
Correct Answer: B
সঠিক উত্তর: B
Explanation
ব্যাখ্যা
In
uniform circular motion
, an object moves along a circular path with constant speed.
The magnitude of velocity (speed) remains unchanged throughout the motion.
However, the direction of velocity changes continuously at every point of the circular path.
Since velocity depends on both magnitude and direction, velocity is not constant.
The acceleration is directed towards the centre of the circle and is called
centripetal acceleration
:
\(a_c=\dfrac{v^2}{r}\)
The direction of acceleration also changes continuously as the object moves around the circle.
Momentum is:
\(p=mv\)
Since velocity changes, momentum also changes.
Important:
In uniform circular motion, only speed remains constant; velocity, acceleration, and momentum change due to change in direction.
সুষম বৃত্তীয় গতিতে (Uniform Circular Motion)
কোনো বস্তু ধ্রুব দ্রুতিতে বৃত্তাকার পথে চলে।
বেগের মান অর্থাৎ
দ্রুতি (Speed)
পুরো গতিপথে অপরিবর্তিত থাকে।
কিন্তু বৃত্তাকার পথে প্রতিটি বিন্দুতে বেগের দিক পরিবর্তিত হয়।
যেহেতু বেগ (Velocity) মান ও দিক উভয়ের উপর নির্ভর করে, তাই বেগ ধ্রুব থাকে না।
ত্বরণ সর্বদা কেন্দ্রের দিকে কাজ করে, যাকে
কেন্দ্রাভিমুখী ত্বরণ (Centripetal Acceleration)
বলে:
\(a_c=\dfrac{v^2}{r}\)
বস্তু ঘুরতে থাকার কারণে ত্বরণের দিকও ক্রমাগত পরিবর্তিত হয়।
ভরবেগ:
\(p=mv\)
বেগ পরিবর্তিত হওয়ার কারণে ভরবেগও পরিবর্তিত হয়।
গুরুত্বপূর্ণ:
সুষম বৃত্তীয় গতিতে শুধুমাত্র দ্রুতি ধ্রুব থাকে; বেগ, ত্বরণ এবং ভরবেগ দিক পরিবর্তনের কারণে পরিবর্তিত হয়।
Related Questions
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